In July 2009, Benedict published his third encyclical, Caritas in veritate[331] (Charity in truth), setting out the philosophical and moral foundations for human development, individually and collectively, in striving for the common good. Citing John Paul II's well-known words, "Do not be afraid! Joseph Ratzinger was born in Marktl am Inn, diocese of Passau (Germany), on the 16th April 1927 (Holy Saturday) and was baptized on the same day. [84] John Paul II often credited Our Lady of Fátima for preserving him on that day. He was promoted within the College of Cardinals to become Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni in 1993 and was made the college's vice-dean in 1998 and dean in 2002. ", "Angelqueen.org :: View topic – Pope's smitten with a kitten", "Pope rests with piano and cat ahead of World Youth Day", "Pope tweets a blessing from his new personal account", "Pope Benedict XVI's final day: Live Report", Vatican sends first tweet under Pope Francis, "Benedict XVI return to the Father's House", "Conferral of Honorary Citizenship of the Italian City of Romano Canavese", "Homily of His Holiness Benedict XVI, Terreiro do Paço of Lisbon Tuesday, 11 May 2010", "Coat of Arms of His Holiness Benedict XVI", "How many books has Benedict XVI written and which are the most famous? He recalled: "at the moment the elderly Archbishop laid his hands on me, a little bird – perhaps a lark – flew up from the altar in the high cathedral and trilled a little joyful song". During his visit, he suggested that altering sexual behavior was the answer to Africa's AIDS crisis and urged Catholics to reach out and convert believers in sorcery. [216] When Maciel was honored by the Pope in 2004, new accusers came forward[216] and Cardinal Ratzinger "took it on himself to authorize an investigation of Maciel". Your Catholic Voice Foundation has been granted a recognition of tax exemption under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. At the age of five, he declared that he wanted to be a cardinal. [62][63], Ratzinger defended and reaffirmed Catholic doctrine, including teaching on topics such as birth control, homosexuality, and inter-religious dialogue. "[109] He also said: "We are all called to open ourselves to this friendship with God ... speaking to Him as to a friend, the only One who can make the world both good and happy ... That is all we have to do is put ourselves at His disposal ... is an extremely important message. [341], In December 2012, the Vatican announced that Benedict XVI had joined social networking website Twitter, under the handle @Pontifex. [124][125] His third encyclical titled Caritas in veritate ("Love in Truth" or "Charity in Truth"), was signed on 29 June 2009 (the Feast of Sts. [12], Benedict's writings were prolific and generally defended traditional Catholic doctrine, values, and liturgy. [252], Benedict attended the consistory for new cardinals in February 2015, greeting Francis at the beginning of the celebration. Early in his pontificate Benedict predicted a short reign, which led to concerns about his health. CA, US Elected Vice Dean of the College of Cardinals, 6 November 1998. Catholic Online, Holy See-Israel Negotiation Moves Forward Although the encyclical is officially the work of Francis, paragraph 7 of the encyclical explicitly expresses Francis's debt to Benedict: "These considerations on faith — in continuity with all that the Church's magisterium has pronounced on this theological virtue — are meant to supplement what Benedict XVI had written in his encyclical letters on charity and hope. This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 12:31. Amazon.com: Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger: Books 1-16 of 123 results RESULTS Introduction to Christianity (Communio Books) Part of: Communio Book (12 books) | by Cardinal Joseph … In his last public appearance, from the central loggia of the Apostolic Palace of Castel Gandolfo, he said: “I am a simple pilgrim who is beginning the last stage of his pilgrimage on this earth”. [231][232], In his declaration of 10 February 2013, Benedict resigned as "Bishop of Rome, Successor of Saint Peter". [98] In December 2011, the Pope formally recognized the validity of the miracles necessary to proceed with the canonizations of Kateri Tekakwitha, who would be the first Native American saint; Marianne Cope, a nun working with lepers in what is now the state of Hawaii; Giovanni Battista Piamarta, an Italian priest; Jacques Berthieu, a French Jesuit priest and African martyr; Carmen Salles y Barangueras, a Spanish nun and founder of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception; Peter Calungsod, a lay catechist and martyr from the Philippines; and Anna Schäffer, whose desire to be a missionary was unfulfilled on account of her illness. [30] This period lasted until the seminary was closed for military use in 1942, and the students were all sent home. THE SPIRIT OF THE LITURGY, by Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger. [319], In 2015, it was reported that Benedict was "praying for migrants and refugees" from Syria. Open wide the doors for Christ! [249] He attended the beatification of Pope Paul VI in October 2014. Theodore Hesburgh to join the theology faculty at the University of Notre Dame, but declined on grounds that his English was not good enough. Homilía del cardenal Ratzinger en la misa de exequias de Juan Pablo II. Compendio de publicaciones del Card. The new Blesseds were Marianne Cope and Ascensión Nicol Goñi. [10] He continued to wear the white cassock but without the pellegrina or the fascia. In his words, the Church must "protect man from self-destruction." Catholic Online, Interview With Vatican Aide on Jewish-Catholic Relations The latest issue of the SSPX's newsletter for German-speaking countries ... contains several anti-Semitic statements. [81], During Benedict's inaugural Mass, the previous custom of every cardinal submitting to the pope was replaced by being greeted by twelve people, including cardinals, clergy, religious, a married couple and their child, and newly some who were newly confirmed people; the cardinals had formally sworn their obedience upon the election of the new pontiff. This, he said, is contradictory to the modern acclamation of science whose excellence is based on the power of reason to know the truth. Catholic Online, 2 Nuns Kidnapped in Kenya Set Free Ratzinger returned to Traunstein. [286] His funeral took place on 5 January 2023 in St. Peter's Square at 9:30 am, presided over by Pope Francis and celebrated by Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re. On 19 September 2010, during his visit to the United Kingdom, Benedict personally proclaimed the beatification of John Henry Newman. [336] Benedict's favorite works of music were Mozart's Clarinet Concerto and Clarinet Quintet. The first beatification under the new pope was celebrated on 14 May 2005, by José Cardinal Saraiva Martins, Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints. He was viewed during the time of the council as a reformer, cooperating with theologians like Hans Küng[44] and Edward Schillebeeckx. [192] He visited the Middle East (Jordan, Israel, and Palestine) in May 2009. Vatican officials called the meeting "a significant stage in the progress of bilateral relations with Vietnam."[330]. Benedict entered the basilica through a discreet entrance and was seated in a row with several other cardinals. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. Already in 1962 he was well known when, at the age of 35, he became a consultor at Vatican Council II, of the Archbishop of Cologne, Cardinal Joseph Frings. Ratzinger and the congregation viewed many of them, particularly the later works, as having an element of religious indifferentism (in other words, that Christ was "one master alongside others"). [165], The Dalai Lama congratulated Benedict XVI upon his election,[166] and visited him in October 2006 in the Vatican City. The Vatican is also the only regular place where Benedict traveled via motor without the protective bulletproof case common to most popemobiles. In late November 2006 Vatican insiders told the international press that the Pope had had a routine examination of the heart. [18] He was described as "the main intellectual force in the Church" since the mid-1980s. Benedict was also known to be fond of cats. Many Islamic politicians and religious leaders registered their protest against what they labelled an insulting mischaracterisation of Islam, although his focus was aimed towards the rationality of religious violence, and its effect on the religion. [131], The Pope considered that allowing the Tridentine Mass to those who request it was a means to prevent or heal schism, stating that, on occasions in history, "not enough was done by the Church's leaders to maintain or regain reconciliation and unity" and that this "imposes an obligation on us today: to make every effort to enable for all those who truly desire unity to remain in that unity or to attain it anew. He was succeeded by Francis on 13 March 2013 and moved into the newly renovated Mater Ecclesiae Monastery in Vatican City for his retirement. After his first homily as pope, Benedict referred to both Jesus Christ and John Paul II. It has always defined men, all men without distinction, as creatures and images of God, proclaiming for them ... the same dignity. No, I was not being interrogated by the Grand Inquisitor. As Pope, Benedict's rarely-used full title was: His Holiness Benedict XVI, Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the servants of God. Benedict was talking to the new Japanese ambassador to the Vatican. During his time at Tübingen University, Ratzinger published articles in the reformist theological journal Concilium, though he increasingly chose less reformist themes than other contributors to the magazine such as Küng and Schillebeeckx. OnlySky is dedicated to protecting … He stayed there until refurbishment was completed on his retirement home, the Mater Ecclesiae Monastery in the Vatican Gardens near St Peter's, former home of twelve nuns, where he moved on 2 May 2013. Joseph Ratzinger was elected Pope on 19th April 2005 and he assumed the name Benedict XVI. Let us pray so that the primacy of Peter, entrusted to poor human beings, may always be exercised in this original sense desired by the Lord, so that it will be increasingly recognised in its true meaning by brothers who are still not in communion with us. [299] Moreover, according to the 1983 Code of Canon Law, he was also bishop emeritus of Rome, retaining the sacred character received at his ordination as a bishop and receiving the title of emeritus of his diocese; although he did not use this style. Catholic Online, Pope Benedict XVI On the Easter Triduum While at Castel Gandolfo, Benedict participated in two public events. He spent his adolescent years in Traunstein, and was called into the auxiliary anti-aircraft service in the last months of World War II. Fr. Fr. "The church encourages the ratification of the international legal instruments that aim to defend the rights of migrants, refugees and their families," the Pope said. Le cardinal Ratzinger s’est attaché à souligner l’importance et les exigences des célébrations, notamment dans L’Esprit de la liturgie (2000). A Royal Betrayal: Catholic Monaco Liberalizes Abortion [248] He then made an appearance at the canonization mass of Popes John XXIII and John Paul II, greeting the cardinals and Francis. After a long career as a professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and created a cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience. Speculation about its invalidity is simply absurd," he wrote. He viewed relativism's denial of objective truth, and the denial of moral truths in particular, as the central problem of the 21st century. "[138] In June 2009, he blamed outsourcing for the greater availability of consumer goods which lead to the downsizing of social security systems. He was member of the Pontifical Councils for Promoting Christian Unity, and for Culture; of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, and of the Pontifical Commissions for Latin America, "Ecclesia Dei", for the Authentic Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law and for the Revision of the Code of Canon Law of the Oriental Churches. to the Chilean bishops (13 July 1988) N RECENT MONTHS, we have put a lot of work into the case of Lefebvre with the sincere intention of creating for his movement a space within the Church that would be sufficient for it to live. [109] He took up this theme in his first encyclical Deus caritas est. [147] However, his election received a more reserved response from the United Kingdom's Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, who hoped that Benedict would "continue along the path of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II in working to enhance relations with the Jewish people and the State of Israel. Vietnamese prime minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng met with Benedict at the Vatican on 25 January 2007 in a "new and important step towards establishing diplomatic ties". [139], Speaking at his weekly audience in St. Peter's Square on 7 June 2006, Benedict asserted that Jesus himself had entrusted the leadership of the church to his apostle Peter. In particular, Dominus Iesus, published by the congregation in the jubilee year 2000, reaffirmed many recently "unpopular" ideas, including the Catholic Church's position that "salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved." On 19 July, in St. Mary's Cathedral, he made an apology for child sex abuse perpetrated by the clergy in Australia. Normally, five years must pass after a person's death before the beatification process can begin. [297], After his resignation, the official style of the former pope in English was His Holiness Benedict XVI, Supreme Pontiff emeritus or Pope emeritus. Further, in December 2010, the Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith explained that Benedict's statement did not constitute a legitimization of either contraception or prostitution, which remains gravely immoral. Firstly, I remember Pope Benedict XV, that courageous prophet of peace, who guided the Church through turbulent times of war. The theologian Leonardo Boff, for example, was suspended, while others such as Matthew Fox were censured. Later, as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Ratzinger most clearly spelled out the Catholic Church's position on other religions in the 2000 document Dominus Iesus which also talks about the Catholic way to engage in "ecumenical dialogue". In his message for the 50th anniversary of the founding of the International Atomic Energy Agency, he confirmed: "The Holy See, fully approving of the IAEA's goal, has been a member from the organisation's foundation and continues to support its activity. [197][202] Ratzinger had pressed John Paul II to investigate Hans Hermann Groër, an Austrian cardinal and friend of John Paul accused of sexual abuse, which resulted in Groër's resignation. The main points of emphasis of his teachings are stated in more detail in the Theology of Pope Benedict XVI. Cardinal Clemens August Graf von Galen was beatified on 9 October 2005. [69][70], In April 2005, before his election as pope, Ratzinger was identified as one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time. His father, a Police Commissioner, came from an ancient and poor family of farmers from Lower Bavaria.His mother was the daughter of artisans from Rimsting, on lake Chiemsee, and before getting married she worked as a cook in many hotels. [86] In October 2008, the following beatifications took place: Celestine of the Mother of God, Giuseppina Nicoli, Hendrina Stenmanns, Maria Rosa Flesch, Marta Anna Wiecka, Michael Sopocko, Petrus Kibe Kasui and 187 Companions, Susana Paz-Castillo Ramírez, and Maria Isbael Salvat Romero. He received two honorary doctorates given to him by Kraków's cardinal Stanislaw Dziwisz, John Paul II's longtime aide, from the Pontifical University of John Paul II and the Kraków Academy of Music. "[310] Canadian author Daniel Gawthrop, in a critical biography, The Trial of Pope Benedict, said that the Pope blamed homosexuality "for a problem the church had willingly enabled for hundreds of years". The guidelines asserted that "Civil law concerning reporting of crimes ... should always be followed. Benedict was the first pope to resign without external pressure since Celestine V in 1294. Pope Benedict XVI (Latin: Benedictus XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until his resignation on 28 February 2013. [80] Benedict XV was pope during the First World War, during which time he passionately pursued peace between the warring nations. We're not salespeople, but we depend on donations averaging $14.76 and fewer than 1% of readers give. Consequently, he resigned from his post in Munich in early 1982. [205][206][207] The Pope then promised to introduce measures that would "safeguard young people in the future" and "bring to justice" priests who were responsible for abuse and the next month the Vatican issued guidelines on how existing church law should be implemented. - Formerly known as the Cardinal Ratzinger Fan Club (founded in 2001) we are an online archive of news, articles and commentary for Joseph Ratzinger / Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI. Joseph Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI, talks with Cardinal Franz Konig of Vienna during the Second Vatican Council at the Vatican in 1962. Catholic Online, A Prayer for Monaco: Remembering the Faith Legacy of Prince Rainier III & Princess Grace and Contemplating the Moral Challenges of Prince Albert II [121] The document was signed by Benedict on Christmas Day, 25 December 2005. Additionally, I recall Saint Benedict of Nursia, co-patron of Europe, whose life evokes the Christian roots of Europe. joseph aloisius ratzinger (en allemand : [ˈjoːzɛf ˈalɔʏzjʊs ˈʁats ɪ ŋ ɐ] 2 ), né le 16 avril 1927 à marktl dans l' état libre de bavière en allemagne de weimar et mort le 31 décembre 2022 au vatican, est un prélat et théologien catholique allemand, élu pape le 19 avril 2005 sous le nom de benoît xvi (en latin : benedictus decimus sextus ; en … Stable groups who previously had to petition their bishop to have a Tridentine Mass may now merely request permission from their local priest. zum offiziellen Besuch in Deutschland", "Pope Benedict XVI begins first U.S. tour", "Bush, Thousands of Fans Welcome Pope at White House on His Birthday", "Pope Benedict Says Mass Before 47,000 in New Washington Stadium", "UNdemocracy – General Assembly Session 62 meeting 95", "After Ground Zero Prayer, Pope Ministers to 60,000 in Stadium", "Pope apologises for 'evil' of child sex abuse", "Pope Tells Clergy in Angola to Work Against Belief in Witchcraft", "Pope OK after woman knocks him down at Mass", "Pope delivers Christmas blessing after fall", "Pope Benedict forgives Susanna Maiolo one day after she knocked him down during Christmas Eve Mass", "Wrap-up: Pope Benedict's historic Malta visit ends", "Money paved way for Maciel's influence in the Vatican", "Will Ratzinger's past trump Benedict's present? Continuing what he said in the pre-conclave Mass about what he often referred to as the "central problem of our faith today",[113] on 6 June 2005 Benedict also said: Today, a particularly insidious obstacle to the task of education is the massive presence in our society and culture of that relativism which, recognising nothing as definitive, leaves as the ultimate criterion only the self with its desires. It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. How does one learn the art of living? [181], In April 2008, Benedict made his first visit to the United States since becoming pope. [185] Also while in New York, the Pope celebrated Mass at St. Patrick's Cathedral, met with disabled children and their families, and attended an event for Catholic youth, where he addressed some 25,000 young people in attendance. [19], On 11 February 2013, Benedict announced his resignation, citing a "lack of strength of mind and body" due to his advanced age. [102] In June 2010, Benedict created the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation, appointing Archbishop Rino Fisichella its first president. "[75] Ratzinger had hoped to retire peacefully and said that "At a certain point, I prayed to God 'please don't do this to me'...Evidently, this time He didn't listen to me."[76]. Ratzinger wrote an introduction to a 1996 reissue of Guardini's 1954 The Lord. [13] He was originally a liberal theologian but adopted conservative views after 1968. Benedict was interred in the crypt beneath St. Peter's Basilica, in the same tomb originally occupied by John Paul II before his beatification in 2011. [241] He joined his successor several months after his election at the unveiling of a new statue of Saint Michael the Archangel. He was the third and youngest child of Joseph Ratzinger Sr., a police officer, and Maria Ratzinger (née Peintner); his grand-uncle was the German priest-politician Georg Ratzinger. For this I am deeply grateful to him, and as his brother in Christ I have taken up his fine work and added a few contributions of my own. Do you know what the Feast of the Epiphany really means? He was the President of the Preparatory Commission for the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which presented the new Catechism to the Pope after six years of work (1986-1992). [178], In 2007, Benedict visited Brazil to address the Bishops' Conference there and canonize Friar Antônio Galvão, an 18th-century Franciscan. Catholic Online, Franchising to Evangelize It was completed in 1957 and he became a professor at Freising College in 1958. After teaching dogmatic and fundamental theology at The High School of Philosophy and Theology in Freising he taught in Bonn from 1959 to 1963, in Münster from 1963 to 1966 and in Tübingen from 1966 to 1969. Mary Regina Morrell, Father Lombardi's Address on Catholic Media From 1962 to 1965 he contributed to the Second Vatican Council as an expert and was also the theological consultant of Cardinal Joseph Frings, Archbishop of Cologne. During this time, he distanced himself from the atmosphere of Tübingen and the Marxist leanings of the student movement of the 1960s that quickly radicalised, in the years 1967 and 1968, culminating in a series of disturbances and riots in April and May 1968. On 29 September 2005, the Congregation for the Causes of Saints issued a communiqué announcing that henceforth beatifications would be celebrated by a representative of the pope, usually the prefect of that Congregation.[88]. Four years later, he qualified as a university teacher. He then taught dogma and fundamental theology at the higher school of philosophy and theology of Freising, then in Bonn from 1959 to 1969, Münster from 1963 to 1966, Tubinga from 1966 to 1969. [198][203], According to Jason Berry, Cardinal Angelo Sodano "pressured" Ratzinger, who was "operating on the assumption that the charges were not justified", to halt the proceedings against Maciel in 1999. [270][271] Georg died on 1 July, aged 96. [46], In 1966, Ratzinger was appointed to a chair in dogmatic theology at the University of Tübingen, where he was a colleague of Hans Küng. In April 2009, he canonized Arcangelo Tadini, Bernardo Tolomei, Nuno Álvares Pereira, Geltrude Comensoli, and Caterina Volpicelli. "[128], Sacramentum caritatis (The Sacrament of Charity), signed 22 February 2007, was released in Latin, Italian, English, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish and Polish. Until he was elected pope, he remained one of the journal's most prolific contributors. Hi readers, it seems you use Catholic Online a lot; that's great! The document has been seen as restating "key sections of a 2000 text the pope wrote when he was prefect of the congregation, Dominus Iesus. [89] He celebrated his first canonizations on 23 October 2005 in St. Peter's Square when he canonized Josef Bilczewski, Alberto Hurtado, Zygmunt Gorazdowski, Gaetano Catanoso, and Felice da Nicosia.